Submissions

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Submission Preparation Checklist

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.
  • The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).
  • The submission file is in OpenOffice, Microsoft Word, or RTF document file format.
  • Where available, URLs for the references have been provided.
  • The text is single-spaced; uses a 12-point font; employs italics, rather than underlining (except with URL addresses); and all illustrations, figures, and tables are placed within the text at the appropriate points, rather than at the end.
  • The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines.
  • Have checked plagiarism or similarity maximum 20%.
  • You must have an ORCID; fill it in the column when submitting.

Author Guidelines

Prepare Your Manuscript

Language Editing
LSJS requires manuscripts submitted to meet international standards for the English language to be considered for publication. Articles are usually published only in English. 
For authors who would like their manuscript to receive language editing or proofing to improve the manuscript's clarity and help highlight their research, LSJS recommends the language-editing services provided by the internal or external partners (contact the Principal of the LSJS for further information).
Note that sending your manuscript for language editing does not imply or guarantee that it will be accepted for publication by the LSJS. Editorial decisions on the scientific content of a manuscript are independent of whether it has received language editing or proofing by the partner services or other services.
 
Language Style
The default language style at LSJS is British English. If you prefer your article to be formatted in American English, please specify this on your manuscript on the first page.  To understand British and American English, please read here.
 
Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
There are a few simple ways to maximize your article's discoverability. Follow the steps below to improve the search results of your paper:
  • Include a few of your article's keywords in the title of the paper;
  • Do not use long article titles;
  • Pick 3 to 5 keywords using a mix of generic and more specific terms on the article subject(s);
  • Use the maximum amount of keywords in the first two sentences of the abstract;
  • Use some of the keywords in level 1 headings.
Title
The title is written in title case, align to the left, and in Times New Roman font at the top of the page.
The title should be concise, omitting implicit terms and, where possible, be a statement of the main result or conclusion presented in the manuscript. Abbreviations should be avoided within the title.
Witty or creative titles are welcome only if relevant and within the measure. Consider if a title meant to be thought-provoking might be misinterpreted as offensive or alarming. In extreme cases, the editorial office may veto a title and propose an alternative.
Authors should try to avoid, if possible:
  • Titles that are a mere question without answering.
  • Unambitious titles, for example, starting with "Towards", "A description of", "A characterization of", "Preliminary study on".
  • Vague titles, for example, starting with "Role of...", "Link between...", "Effect of..." that do not specify the role, link, or effect.
  • Include terms that are out of place, for example, the taxonomic affiliation apart from the species name.
Authors and Affiliations
All names are listed together and separated by commas. Provide exact and correct author names, which will be indexed in official archives. Affiliations should be keyed to the author's name with superscript numbers and be listed as follows: Institut/University/Organisation, Country (without detailed address information such as city zip codes or street names).
Example: Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
The Corresponding Author(s) should be marked with superscript. Provide the exact contact email address of the corresponding author(s) in a separate section below the affiliation.
 
Headings and Sub-Headings
Capitalize on headings and capitalize each word of sub-headings. Headings and sub-headings need to be defined in Arial, 12, bold.
 
Abstract
As a primary goal, the abstract should render the work's general significance and conceptual advance clearly accessible to a broad readership. In the abstract, minimize the use of abbreviations and do not cite references. The word length is not more than 250 words or less, written in English and Indonesian.
Tips:
  • Background of study
  • Aims and scope of the paper
  • Methods
  • Summary of result or findings
  • Conclusions
Keywords
All article types: you may provide up to 5 keywords; at least three are mandatory.
 
Text
The body text is in 12 points normal Times New Roman. New paragraphs will be separated with a single empty line. The entire document should be single-spaced, and content page and line numbers to facilitate the review process. The LSJS-recommended manuscript was written using MS Word 97-2003.
 
Nomenclature
The use of abbreviations should be kept to a minimum. Non-standard abbreviations should be avoided unless they appear at least four times and are defined upon first use in the main text. Consider also giving a list of non-standard abbreviations at the end, immediately before the Acknowledgments.
 
Sections
Headings and subheadings organize your manuscript.
For Original Research Articles, it is recommended to organize your manuscript in the following sections:
 
Introduction
The introduction is a little different from the short and concise abstract. The reader needs to know the background of your research and, most importantly, why your research is essential in this context. What critical question does your research address? Why should the reader be interested?
The purpose of the Introduction is to stimulate the reader's interest and to provide pertinent background information necessary to understand the rest of the paper. You must summarize the problem to be addressed, give background on the subject, discuss previous research on the topic, and explain exactly what the paper will address, why, and how. A good thing to avoid is making your introduction into a minireview. There is a huge amount of literature out there, but as a scientist, you should be able to pick out the things that are most relevant to your work and explain why. This shows an editor/reviewer/reader that you understand your area of research and that you can get straight to the most critical issues.
Keep your introduction concise, well-structured, and inclusive of all the information needed to follow the development of your findings. Do not over-burden the reader by making the introduction too long. Get to the critical parts of the other papers sooner rather than later.
Tips:
  1. Begin the Introduction by providing a concise background account of the problem studied.
  2. State the objective of the investigation. Your research objective is the most essential part of the introduction.
  3. Establish the significance of your work: Why was there a need to conduct the study?
  4. Introduce the reader to the pertinent literature. Do not give a complete history of the topic. Only quote previous work having a direct bearing on the present problem. (State-of-the-art, relevant research to justify the novelty of the manuscript.)
  5. State the gap analysis or novelty statement.
  6. Clearly state your hypothesis and the variables investigated, and concisely summarize the methods used.
  7. Define any abbreviations or specialized/regional terms.
Example of novelty statement or the gap analysis statement at the end of the Introduction section (after the state of the art of previous research survey): "........ (short summary of background)....... A few researchers focused on ....... There have been limited studies concerned on ........ Therefore, this research intends to ................. The objectives of this research are .........".
Be concise and aware of who will be reading your manuscript, and make sure the Introduction is directed to that audience. Move from general to specific, from the problem in the real world to the literature to your research. Lastly, please avoid making a subsection in the Introduction.
 
Method
In the Method section, you explain clearly how you conducted your research to (1) enable readers to evaluate the work performed and (2) permit others to replicate your research. You must describe exactly what you did: what and how experiments were run, what, how much, how often, where, when, and why equipment and materials were used. The primary consideration is ensuring enough detail is provided to verify your findings and enable the replication of the research. You should maintain a balance between brevity (you cannot describe every technical issue) and completeness (you need to give adequate detail so that readers know what happened).
Tips:
  1. Define the population and the methods of sampling;
  2. Describe the instrumentation;
  3. Describe the procedures and, if relevant, the time frame;
  4. Describe the analysis plan;
  5. Describe any approaches to ensure validity and reliability;
  6. Describe statistical tests and the comparisons made; ordinary statistical methods should be used without comment; advanced or unusual methods may require a literature citation;
  7. Describe the scope and/or limitations of the methodology you used.
In the social and behavioural sciences, it is essential to provide sufficient information to allow other researchers to adopt or replicate your methodology. This information is necessary when a new method has been developed or innovative use of an existing method is utilized. Last, please avoid making a subsection in Method.
 
Result and Discussion
The purpose of the Results and Discussion is to state your findings and make interpretations and/or opinions, explain the implications of your findings, and make suggestions for future research. Its main function is to answer the questions posed in the introduction, explain how the results support the answers and how the solutions fit in with existing knowledge on the topic. The Discussion is considered the heart of the paper and usually requires several writing attempts.
The discussion will always connect to the introduction by way of the research questions or hypotheses you posed and the literature you reviewed, but it does not simply repeat or rearrange the introduction; the discussion should always explain how your study has moved the reader's understanding of the research problem forward from where you left them at the end of the introduction.
To make your message clear, the discussion should be kept as short as possible while clearly and fully stating, supporting, explaining, defending your answers and discussing other important and relevant issues. Care must be taken to provide commentary and not reiterate the results. Side issues should not be included, as these tend to obscure the message.
Tips:
  1. State the Major Findings of the Study;
  2. Explain the Meaning of the Findings and Why the Findings Are Important;
  3. Support the answers with the results. Explain how your results relate to expectations and to the literature, clearly stating why they are acceptable and how they are consistent or fit in with previously published knowledge on the topic;
  4. Relate the Findings to Those of Similar Studies;
  5. Consider Alternative Explanations of the Findings;
  6. Implications of the study;
  7. Acknowledge the Study's Limitations and;
  8. Make Suggestions for Further Research.
It is easy to inflate the interpretation of the results. Be careful that your understanding of the results does not go beyond what is supported by the data. The data are the data: nothing more, nothing less.  Please avoid and makeover interpretation of the results, unwarranted speculation, inflating the importance of the findings, tangential issues or over-emphasize the impact of your research.
 
Work with Graphic:
Figures and tables are the most effective way to present results. Captions should be able to stand alone such that the figures and tables are understandable without the need to read the entire manuscript. Besides that, the data represented should be easy to interpret.
Tips:
  1. The graphic should be simple but informative;
  2. The use of colour is encouraged;
  3. The graphic should uphold the standards of a scholarly, professional publication;
  4. The graphic must be entirely original, unpublished artwork created by one of the co-authors;
  5. The graphic should not include a photograph, drawing, or caricature of any person, living or deceased;
  6. Do not include postage stamps or currency from any country, or trademarked items (company logos, images, and products), and;
  7. Avoid choosing a graphic that already appears within the text of the manuscript.
To see the table and figure samples, please download the template of the LSJS.
Last, please avoid making a subsection in Results and Discussion.
 
Conclusion
The conclusion is intended to help the reader understand why your research should matter to them after they have finished reading the paper. A conclusion is not merely a summary of the main topics covered or a re-statement of your research problem but a synthesis of key points. It is essential that the conclusion does not leave the questions unanswered. 

Tips:

  1. State your conclusions clearly and concisely. Be brief and stick to the point;
  2. Explain why your study is essential to the reader. You should instil in the reader a sense of relevance;
  3. Prove to the reader, and the scientific community, that your findings are worthy of note. This means setting your paper in the context of previous work. The implications of your findings should be discussed within a realistic framework, and;
For most essays, a well-developed paragraph is sufficient for a conclusion, although a two or three-paragraph conclusion may be required in some cases. Other important things about this section are (1) do not rewrite the abstract; (2) statements with "investigated" or "studied" are not conclusions; (3) do not introduce new arguments, evidence, new ideas, or information unrelated to the topic; (4)do not include evidence (quotations, statistics, etc.) that should be in the body of the paper.
 
Acknowledgements & Author Contributions Statement
This is a short text to acknowledge the contributions of specific colleagues, institutions, or agencies that aided the efforts of the authors, optional (if needed)

The Author Contributions Statement can be up to several sentences long and should briefly describe the tasks of individual authors. Please list only two initials for each author, without full stops, but separated by commas (e.g. JC, JS). In the case of two authors with the same initials, please use their middle initial to differentiate between them (e.g. REW, RSW). The Author Contributions Statement should be included at the end of the manuscript before the References.
 
References
All citations in the text must be in the reference list and vice-versa. The references should only include articles that are published or accepted. When available, data deposited to an online repository should be included in the reference list, including the version and unique identifier. For accepted but unpublished works, use "in press" instead of page numbers. Unpublished data, submitted manuscripts, or personal communications should be cited within the text only for the article types that allow such inclusions. Personal contacts should be documented by a letter of permission.
In-text citations should be called according to the first author's surname, followed by the year. For works by two authors, include both surnames, followed by the year. For works by more than two authors, include only the first author's surname, et al., and the year. For assistance, please use management references (Mendeley, Zotero, Endnote, etc.) and utilize the American Psychological Association 7th Edition format. If possible, please provide the retrieved link for each reference.

Reference Examples
Please pay attention to punctuation (comma, dot, etc.), italics and spaces.

Books:
Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Year of Publication). Title of book in italic (edition if given and is not the first edition). Publisher Name.
Anwar, S. (2022). Human caring science: A theory of nursing (2nd ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Book chapters:
Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Year of Publication). Title of chapter. In Editor's First Initial. Second Initial if Given. Editor's Last Name (Ed. or Eds.), book title in italic (edition if given and is not the first edition, pp. first-page number-last page number). Publisher Name
Punjabi, R. (2022). How lay theories (or mindsets) shape the confrontation of prejudice. In R. K. Mallett & M. J. Monteith (Eds.), Confronting prejudice and discrimination: The science of changing minds and behaviours (pp. 121-140). Academic Press.

Journal Articles:
Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Year of Publication). Title of article. Name of Journal in italic, Volume Number in italic(Issue Number), first-page number-last page number. https://doi number
Radja, N. R. (2021). Evolutionary models of extended phenotypes. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 21(2), 261-269. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000126

Blog posts:
Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Year, Month Day). Title of post. Website name in italic. URL.
Scoville, H. (2021, July 14). What Is Evolution? A Brief Overview of the History and Concepts of Evolution. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-evolution-1224603

Online documents (reports, etc.):
Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Year). Title of the document in italic. Organization if given. URL.
Ngurahrai, G. (2013). A duty of care to children and young people in Western Australia: Report on the quality assurance and review of unsubstantiated allegations of abuse in care. Western Australia Department of Child Protection. http://www.community.wa.gov.au/NR/rdonlyres/851183A4-.pdf

Footnotes
Footnotes can be used only to give additional information. Don’t use them for citation purposes. It is recommended to limit the number of footnotes per page.

Supplementary Material
LSJS does not support pushing significant results and information into supplementary sections. However, data that are not of primary importance to the text or which cannot be included in the article because it is too large or the current format does not permit it (such as movies, raw data traces, PowerPoint presentations, etc.) can be uploaded during the submission procedure and will be displayed along with the published article. Supplementary Material can be uploaded as Data Sheet (word, excel, csv, cdx, fasta, pdf or zip files), Presentation (PowerPoint, pdf or zip files), Supplementary Image (cdx, eps, jpeg, pdf, png or tif), Supplementary Table (word, excel, csv or pdf), Audio (mp3, wav or wma) or Video (avi, divx, flv, mov, mp4, mpeg, mpg or wmv).
Supplementary material is not typeset so please ensure that all information is clearly presented, the appropriate caption is included in the file and not in the manuscript, and that the style conforms to the rest of the article.

Figures and Table Guidelines

General Style Guidelines for Figures
Figures help readers visualize the information you are trying to convey. Often, it isn't easy to be sufficiently descriptive using words. Images can help in achieving the accuracy needed for a scientific manuscript. For example, it may not be enough to say, "The surface had nanometer-scale features." In this case, it would be ideal to provide a microscope image.
For images, be sure to:
  • Include scale bars
  • Consider labelling important items
  • Indicate the meaning of different colours and symbols used
General Style Guidelines for Tables
Tables are a concise and effective way to present large amounts of data. You should design them carefully to communicate your results to busy researchers.
The following is an example of a well-designed table:
  • Clear and concise legend/caption
  • Data divided into categories for clarity
  • Sufficient spacing between columns and rows
  • Units are a provided font type, and sizes are legible
Figure and Table Requirements
Legends
Figure and table legends must have the same font as the main text (11 points normal Times New Roman, single-spaced). Legends should be preceded by the appropriate label, for example, "Figure 1" or "Table 4". Figure legends should be placed at the end of the manuscript (for supplementary images, you must include the caption with the figure, uploaded as a separate file). Table legends must be placed immediately before the table. Please use only a single paragraph for the legend. Figure panels are referred to by bold capital letters in brackets: (A), (B), (C), (D), etc.
 
Image Size
Figure images should be prepared with the PDF layout in mind; individual figures should not be longer than one page and have a width corresponding to 1 column or 2 columns.
 
Format
The following formats are accepted:
TIFF (.tif) TIFF files should be saved using LZW compression or any other non-lossy compression method. JPEG (.jpg)
EPS (.eps) EPS files can be uploaded upon acceptance
 
Colour Image Mode
Images must be submitted in the colour mode RGB.
 
Resolution Requirements
All images must be uploaded separately in the submission procedure and have a resolution of 300 dpi at the final size. Check the resolution of your figure by enlarging it to 150%. If the resolution is too low, the image will appear blurry, jagged or have a stair-stepped effect.
Please note saving a figure directly as an image file (JPEG, TIF) can greatly affect the resolution of your image. To avoid this, one option is to export the file as a PDF and then convert it into TIFF or EPS using graphics software. EPS files can be uploaded upon acceptance.
Details of all funding sources must be provided in the funding section of the manuscript, including grant numbers, if applicable.

Articles

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Copyright Notice

Open Access

Law and Social Justice in Society (LSJS) is an open-access journal, which means that all content is freely available without charge to users or their institutions. Users do not have to register to access the journal’s content. LSJS provides immediate open access to its content without any embargo period. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, reuse or link to full-text articles without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author, as long as proper citation of the original publication is given. This is in accordance with the Budapest Open Access Initiative definition of open access.

Copyright and Licensing

The LSJS content is licenced under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0). Authors retain the unrestricted copyright and publishing rights of their articles. The authors grant the LETIGES a licence to publish the article and identify themselves as the original publisher. Authors also grant any third party the right to use or reuse the article freely as long as its original authors and citation details are identified.

Self-Archiving

LSJS allows and encourages authors to self-archive their articles on institutional or other specialised repositories, their personal websites and social networking sites such as ResearchGate and Academia.edu. Authors are advised to use the final PDF version published on the journal’s website for self-archiving purposes. However, it’s not an obligation, and authors are free to use the version they prefere; pre-print, post-print or publisher’s PDF version.

There is no embargo on the self-archiving of articles. Authors are allowed deposition of articles on repositories, personal websites and social networking sites immediately after publication on the journal website. Accepted manuscripts can also be self-archived by authors.

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